Toxemia models often are used to study sepsis and its associated pathological mechanisms. Considering the complexities of sepsis, investigators rely heavily on in vivo models, the vast majority of which are based on rodents ( Deitch, 1998). Our knowledge of AKI comes mainly from animal studies, where ischemia-reperfusion, toxic injury, and septic models are widely studied ( Singh et al., 2012). AKI is a newly classified disease, which replaced the concept of traditional acute renal failure first described in 1952 ( Smith, 1952) and was proposed in order to improve clinical diagnosis of the disease ( Makris & Spanou, 2016).Īcute kidney injury is also very common in the setting of sepsis ( Makris & Spanou, 2016). These natural food substances could enable the development of effective therapeutic interventions to sepsis.Īcute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome characterized by an acute loss of renal function and is associated with an increased mortality rate (over 50%) and the development of chronic kidney disease ( Liano & Pascual, 1996 Waikar, Liu & Chertow, 2008). However, the most effective treatments for septic rats were Olv in comparison to Omg. ConclusionĮx and Pal treatments were beneficial in septic rats, since they increased survival rate and did not aggravate inflammation. These treatments also decreased oxidative stress and inflammation (Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta) and increased interleukin-10 levels and cell proliferation, which were associated with decreased apoptosis in kidney tissue. Mortality rates were significantly lower in rats exposed to LPS when they were also treated with Ex, ExOlv, Olv, Pal, or Omg. Lower values of creatinine clearance and blood pressure were observed in the LPS-treated group, and these values were not affected by Ex, Olv, ExOlv, Pal, or Omg treatment. Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (seven per group), which were either untreated (control) or treated with LPS, LPS + Ex, LPS + ExOlv, LPS + Olv, LPS + Omg, or LPS + Pal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an ethanolic extract of Brazilian olive leaf (Ex), Brazilian olive oil (Olv), Ex + Olv (ExOlv), and palm oil (Pal) in comparison to the effects of omega-3 fish oil (Omg) in a rat model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Hypotension, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and inflammation are all observed in experimental models of sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Comparison of olive leaf, olive oil, palm oil, and omega-3 oil in acute kidney injury induced by sepsis in rats. Cite this article Ramos MFdP, Oliveira OB, de Barros AdCMM, Razvickas CV, Pessoa EdA, da Silva RF, Pereira AMS, Convento MB, Borges FT, Schor N. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. Licence This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. 4 Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil DOI 10.7717/peerj.7219 Published Accepted Received Academic Editor Paul Tulkens Subject Areas Hematology, Nephrology, Metabolic Sciences Keywords Lipopolysaccharide, Olive oil, Omega-3 oil, Palm oil, Kidney function, Inflammation Copyright © 2019 Ramos et al.
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